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<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h2 class="title">
<a id="query-dsl-rank-feature-query"></a>Rank feature query<a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/query-dsl/rank-feature-query.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h2>
</div></div></div>

<p>Boosts the <a class="xref" href="query-filter-context.html#relevance-scores" title="Relevance scores">relevance score</a> of documents based on the
numeric value of a <a class="xref" href="rank-feature.html" title="Rank feature datatype"><code class="literal">rank_feature</code></a> or
<a class="xref" href="rank-features.html" title="Rank features datatype"><code class="literal">rank_features</code></a> field.</p>
<p>The <code class="literal">rank_feature</code> query is typically used in the <code class="literal">should</code> clause of a
<a class="xref" href="query-dsl-bool-query.html" title="Boolean query"><code class="literal">bool</code></a> query so its relevance scores are added to other
scores from the <code class="literal">bool</code> query.</p>
<p>Unlike the <a class="xref" href="query-dsl-function-score-query.html" title="Function score query"><code class="literal">function_score</code></a> query or other
ways to change <a class="xref" href="query-filter-context.html#relevance-scores" title="Relevance scores">relevance scores</a>, the
<code class="literal">rank_feature</code> query efficiently skips non-competitive hits when the
<a class="xref" href="search-uri-request.html" title="URI search"><code class="literal">track_total_hits</code></a> parameter is <span class="strong strong"><strong>not</strong></span> <code class="literal">true</code>. This can
dramatically improve query speed.</p>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="rank-feature-query-functions"></a>Rank feature functions<a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/query-dsl/rank-feature-query.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<p>To calculate relevance scores based on rank feature fields, the <code class="literal">rank_feature</code>
query supports the following mathematical functions:</p>
<div class="ulist itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<a class="xref" href="query-dsl-rank-feature-query.html#rank-feature-query-saturation" title="Saturation">Saturation</a>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<a class="xref" href="query-dsl-rank-feature-query.html#rank-feature-query-logarithm" title="Logarithm">Logarithm</a>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<a class="xref" href="query-dsl-rank-feature-query.html#rank-feature-query-sigmoid" title="Sigmoid">Sigmoid</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>If you don’t know where to start, we recommend using the <code class="literal">saturation</code> function.
If no function is provided, the <code class="literal">rank_feature</code> query uses the <code class="literal">saturation</code>
function by default.</p>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="rank-feature-query-ex-request"></a>Example request<a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/query-dsl/rank-feature-query.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h4 class="title">
<a id="rank-feature-query-index-setup"></a>Index setup<a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/query-dsl/rank-feature-query.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h4>
</div></div></div>
<p>To use the <code class="literal">rank_feature</code> query, your index must include a
<a class="xref" href="rank-feature.html" title="Rank feature datatype"><code class="literal">rank_feature</code></a> or <a class="xref" href="rank-features.html" title="Rank features datatype"><code class="literal">rank_features</code></a> field
mapping. To see how you can set up an index for the <code class="literal">rank_feature</code> query, try
the following example.</p>
<p>Create a <code class="literal">test</code> index with the following field mappings:</p>
<div class="ulist itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist">
<li class="listitem">
<code class="literal">pagerank</code>, a <a class="xref" href="rank-feature.html" title="Rank feature datatype"><code class="literal">rank_feature</code></a> field which measures the
importance of a website
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="literal">url_length</code>, a <a class="xref" href="rank-feature.html" title="Rank feature datatype"><code class="literal">rank_feature</code></a> field which contains the
length of the website’s URL. For this example, a long URL correlates negatively
to relevance, indicated by a <code class="literal">positive_score_impact</code> value of <code class="literal">false</code>.
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<code class="literal">topics</code>, a <a class="xref" href="rank-features.html" title="Rank features datatype"><code class="literal">rank_features</code></a> field which contains a list of
topics and a measure of how well each document is connected to this topic
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-console">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-console">PUT /test
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "pagerank": {
        "type": "rank_feature"
      },
      "url_length": {
        "type": "rank_feature",
        "positive_score_impact": false
      },
      "topics": {
        "type": "rank_features"
      }
    }
  }
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="console_widget" data-snippet="snippets/251.console"></div>
<p>Index several documents to the <code class="literal">test</code> index.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-console">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-console">PUT /test/_doc/1?refresh
{
  "url": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics",
  "content": "Rio 2016",
  "pagerank": 50.3,
  "url_length": 42,
  "topics": {
    "sports": 50,
    "brazil": 30
  }
}

PUT /test/_doc/2?refresh
{
  "url": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Brazilian_Grand_Prix",
  "content": "Formula One motor race held on 13 November 2016",
  "pagerank": 50.3,
  "url_length": 47,
  "topics": {
    "sports": 35,
    "formula one": 65,
    "brazil": 20
  }
}

PUT /test/_doc/3?refresh
{
  "url": "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deadpool_(film)",
  "content": "Deadpool is a 2016 American superhero film",
  "pagerank": 50.3,
  "url_length": 37,
  "topics": {
    "movies": 60,
    "super hero": 65
  }
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="console_widget" data-snippet="snippets/252.console"></div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h4 class="title">
<a id="rank-feature-query-ex-query"></a>Example query<a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/query-dsl/rank-feature-query.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h4>
</div></div></div>
<p>The following query searches for <code class="literal">2016</code> and boosts relevance scores based on
<code class="literal">pagerank</code>, <code class="literal">url_length</code>, and the <code class="literal">sports</code> topic.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-console">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-console">GET /test/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "content": "2016"
          }
        }
      ],
      "should": [
        {
          "rank_feature": {
            "field": "pagerank"
          }
        },
        {
          "rank_feature": {
            "field": "url_length",
            "boost": 0.1
          }
        },
        {
          "rank_feature": {
            "field": "topics.sports",
            "boost": 0.4
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="console_widget" data-snippet="snippets/253.console"></div>
</div>

</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="rank-feature-top-level-params"></a>Top-level parameters for <code class="literal">rank_feature</code><a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/query-dsl/rank-feature-query.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<div class="variablelist">
<dl class="variablelist">
<dt>
<span class="term">
<code class="literal">field</code>
</span>
</dt>
<dd>
(Required, string) <a class="xref" href="rank-feature.html" title="Rank feature datatype"><code class="literal">rank_feature</code></a> or
<a class="xref" href="rank-features.html" title="Rank features datatype"><code class="literal">rank_features</code></a> field used to boost
<a class="xref" href="query-filter-context.html#relevance-scores" title="Relevance scores">relevance scores</a>.
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">
<code class="literal">boost</code>
</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>(Optional, float) Floating point number used to decrease or increase
<a class="xref" href="query-filter-context.html#relevance-scores" title="Relevance scores">relevance scores</a>. Defaults to <code class="literal">1.0</code>.</p>
<p>Boost values are relative to the default value of <code class="literal">1.0</code>. A boost value between
<code class="literal">0</code> and <code class="literal">1.0</code> decreases the relevance score. A value greater than <code class="literal">1.0</code>
increases the relevance score.</p>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">
<code class="literal">saturation</code>
</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>(Optional, <a class="xref" href="query-dsl-rank-feature-query.html#rank-feature-query-saturation" title="Saturation">function object</a>) Saturation
function used to boost <a class="xref" href="query-filter-context.html#relevance-scores" title="Relevance scores">relevance scores</a> based on the
value of the rank feature <code class="literal">field</code>. If no function is provided, the <code class="literal">rank_feature</code>
query defaults to the <code class="literal">saturation</code> function. See
<a class="xref" href="query-dsl-rank-feature-query.html#rank-feature-query-saturation" title="Saturation">Saturation</a> for more information.</p>
<p>Only one function <code class="literal">saturation</code>, <code class="literal">log</code>, or <code class="literal">sigmoid</code> can be provided.</p>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">
<code class="literal">log</code>
</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>(Optional, <a class="xref" href="query-dsl-rank-feature-query.html#rank-feature-query-logarithm" title="Logarithm">function object</a>) Logarithmic
function used to boost <a class="xref" href="query-filter-context.html#relevance-scores" title="Relevance scores">relevance scores</a> based on the
value of the rank feature <code class="literal">field</code>. See
<a class="xref" href="query-dsl-rank-feature-query.html#rank-feature-query-logarithm" title="Logarithm">Logarithm</a> for more information.</p>
<p>Only one function <code class="literal">saturation</code>, <code class="literal">log</code>, or <code class="literal">sigmoid</code> can be provided.</p>
</dd>
<dt>
<span class="term">
<code class="literal">sigmoid</code>
</span>
</dt>
<dd>
<p>(Optional, <a class="xref" href="query-dsl-rank-feature-query.html#rank-feature-query-sigmoid" title="Sigmoid">function object</a>) Sigmoid function used
to boost <a class="xref" href="query-filter-context.html#relevance-scores" title="Relevance scores">relevance scores</a> based on the value of the
rank feature <code class="literal">field</code>. See <a class="xref" href="query-dsl-rank-feature-query.html#rank-feature-query-sigmoid" title="Sigmoid">Sigmoid</a> for more
information.</p>
<p>Only one function <code class="literal">saturation</code>, <code class="literal">log</code>, or <code class="literal">sigmoid</code> can be provided.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h3 class="title">
<a id="rank-feature-query-notes"></a>Notes<a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/query-dsl/rank-feature-query.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h3>
</div></div></div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h4 class="title">
<a id="rank-feature-query-saturation"></a>Saturation<a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/query-dsl/rank-feature-query.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h4>
</div></div></div>
<p>The <code class="literal">saturation</code> function gives a score equal to <code class="literal">S / (S + pivot)</code>, where <code class="literal">S</code> is
the value of the rank feature field and <code class="literal">pivot</code> is a configurable pivot value so
that the result will be less than <code class="literal">0.5</code> if <code class="literal">S</code> is less than pivot and greater
than <code class="literal">0.5</code> otherwise. Scores are always <code class="literal">(0,1)</code>.</p>
<p>If the rank feature has a negative score impact then the function will be
computed as <code class="literal">pivot / (S + pivot)</code>, which decreases when <code class="literal">S</code> increases.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-console">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-console">GET /test/_search
{
  "query": {
    "rank_feature": {
      "field": "pagerank",
      "saturation": {
        "pivot": 8
      }
    }
  }
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="console_widget" data-snippet="snippets/254.console"></div>
<p>If a <code class="literal">pivot</code> value is not provided, Elasticsearch computes a default value equal to the
approximate geometric mean of all rank feature values in the index. We recommend
using this default value if you haven’t had the opportunity to train a good
pivot value.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-console">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-console">GET /test/_search
{
  "query": {
    "rank_feature": {
      "field": "pagerank",
      "saturation": {}
    }
  }
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="console_widget" data-snippet="snippets/255.console"></div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h4 class="title">
<a id="rank-feature-query-logarithm"></a>Logarithm<a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/query-dsl/rank-feature-query.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h4>
</div></div></div>
<p>The <code class="literal">log</code> function gives a score equal to <code class="literal">log(scaling_factor + S)</code>, where <code class="literal">S</code>
is the value of the rank feature field and <code class="literal">scaling_factor</code> is a configurable
scaling factor. Scores are unbounded.</p>
<p>This function only supports rank features that have a positive score impact.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-console">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-console">GET /test/_search
{
  "query": {
    "rank_feature": {
      "field": "pagerank",
      "log": {
        "scaling_factor": 4
      }
    }
  }
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="console_widget" data-snippet="snippets/256.console"></div>
</div>

<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div>
<h4 class="title">
<a id="rank-feature-query-sigmoid"></a>Sigmoid<a class="edit_me edit_me_private" rel="nofollow" title="Editing on GitHub is available to Elastic" href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/edit/7.7/docs/reference/query-dsl/rank-feature-query.asciidoc">edit</a>
</h4>
</div></div></div>
<p>The <code class="literal">sigmoid</code> function is an extension of <code class="literal">saturation</code> which adds a configurable
exponent. Scores are computed as <code class="literal">S^exp^ / (S^exp^ + pivot^exp^)</code>. Like for the
<code class="literal">saturation</code> function, <code class="literal">pivot</code> is the value of <code class="literal">S</code> that gives a score of <code class="literal">0.5</code>
and scores are <code class="literal">(0,1)</code>.</p>
<p>The <code class="literal">exponent</code> must be positive and is typically in <code class="literal">[0.5, 1]</code>. A
good value should be computed via training. If you don’t have the opportunity to
do so, we recommend you use the <code class="literal">saturation</code> function instead.</p>
<div class="pre_wrapper lang-console">
<pre class="programlisting prettyprint lang-console">GET /test/_search
{
  "query": {
    "rank_feature": {
      "field": "pagerank",
      "sigmoid": {
        "pivot": 7,
        "exponent": 0.6
      }
    }
  }
}</pre>
</div>
<div class="console_widget" data-snippet="snippets/257.console"></div>
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